🦀 🔒 @ Operator Security in Rust
🔒 @ Operator Security in Rust
TuskLang provides comprehensive security features for @ operators in Rust, ensuring secure data handling, input validation, and protection against common vulnerabilities.
Security Principles
// Security-focused @ operator implementation
#[derive(Debug)]
struct SecurityContext {
pub user_id: Option<u32>,
pub permissions: Vec<String>,
pub session_token: Option<String>,
pub ip_address: String,
pub user_agent: String,
}// Security validation trait
trait SecurityValidator {
fn validate_input(&self, input: &Value) -> Result<(), SecurityError>;
fn validate_permissions(&self, required_permissions: &[String]) -> Result<(), SecurityError>;
fn sanitize_output(&self, output: Value) -> Result<Value, SecurityError>;
fn audit_operation(&self, operation: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<(), SecurityError>;
}
// Security error types
#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
pub enum SecurityError {
#[error("Input validation failed: {message}")]
InputValidationError { message: String },
#[error("Insufficient permissions: required {required}, have {actual}")]
InsufficientPermissions { required: Vec<String>, actual: Vec<String> },
#[error("SQL injection attempt detected")]
SqlInjectionAttempt,
#[error("XSS attempt detected")]
XssAttempt,
#[error("Path traversal attempt detected")]
PathTraversalAttempt,
#[error("Rate limit exceeded")]
RateLimitExceeded,
#[error("Authentication required")]
AuthenticationRequired,
#[error("Session expired")]
SessionExpired,
}
Input Validation and Sanitization
// Secure input validation
struct SecureInputValidator {
sql_keywords: std::collections::HashSet<String>,
xss_patterns: Vec<regex::Regex>,
path_traversal_patterns: Vec<regex::Regex>,
}impl SecureInputValidator {
fn new() -> Self {
let sql_keywords = vec![
"SELECT", "INSERT", "UPDATE", "DELETE", "DROP", "CREATE", "ALTER",
"UNION", "OR", "AND", "WHERE", "FROM", "JOIN", "HAVING", "GROUP BY"
].into_iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect();
let xss_patterns = vec![
regex::Regex::new(r"<script[^>]>.?</script>").unwrap(),
regex::Regex::new(r"javascript:").unwrap(),
regex::Regex::new(r"on\w+\s*=").unwrap(),
];
let path_traversal_patterns = vec![
regex::Regex::new(r"\.\.").unwrap(),
regex::Regex::new(r"//").unwrap(),
regex::Regex::new(r"\\").unwrap(),
];
Self {
sql_keywords,
xss_patterns,
path_traversal_patterns,
}
}
fn validate_string_input(&self, input: &str, context: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
let sanitized = input.trim();
// Check for SQL injection
if self.detect_sql_injection(sanitized) {
return Err(SecurityError::SqlInjectionAttempt);
}
// Check for XSS
if self.detect_xss(sanitized) {
return Err(SecurityError::XssAttempt);
}
// Check for path traversal
if self.detect_path_traversal(sanitized) {
return Err(SecurityError::PathTraversalAttempt);
}
// Apply context-specific validation
match context {
"email" => self.validate_email(sanitized),
"username" => self.validate_username(sanitized),
"filename" => self.validate_filename(sanitized),
_ => Ok(sanitized.to_string()),
}
}
fn detect_sql_injection(&self, input: &str) -> bool {
let upper_input = input.to_uppercase();
self.sql_keywords.iter().any(|keyword| upper_input.contains(keyword))
}
fn detect_xss(&self, input: &str) -> bool {
self.xss_patterns.iter().any(|pattern| pattern.is_match(input))
}
fn detect_path_traversal(&self, input: &str) -> bool {
self.path_traversal_patterns.iter().any(|pattern| pattern.is_match(input))
}
fn validate_email(&self, email: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
let email_regex = regex::Regex::new(r"^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$").unwrap();
if email_regex.is_match(email) {
Ok(email.to_string())
} else {
Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Invalid email format".to_string(),
})
}
}
fn validate_username(&self, username: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
if username.len() < 3 || username.len() > 20 {
return Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Username must be between 3 and 20 characters".to_string(),
});
}
let username_regex = regex::Regex::new(r"^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$").unwrap();
if username_regex.is_match(username) {
Ok(username.to_string())
} else {
Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Username contains invalid characters".to_string(),
})
}
}
fn validate_filename(&self, filename: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
let filename_regex = regex::Regex::new(r"^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+$").unwrap();
if filename_regex.is_match(filename) {
Ok(filename.to_string())
} else {
Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Invalid filename".to_string(),
})
}
}
}
Authentication and Authorization
// Secure authentication and authorization
struct SecurityManager {
validator: SecureInputValidator,
rate_limiter: RateLimiter,
session_manager: SessionManager,
}impl SecurityManager {
fn new() -> Self {
Self {
validator: SecureInputValidator::new(),
rate_limiter: RateLimiter::new(),
session_manager: SessionManager::new(),
}
}
fn authenticate_user(&self, credentials: &Value) -> Result<SecurityContext, SecurityError> {
// Validate input
let username = credentials.get("username")
.and_then(|u| u.as_str())
.ok_or(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Username required".to_string(),
})?;
let password = credentials.get("password")
.and_then(|p| p.as_str())
.ok_or(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Password required".to_string(),
})?;
// Sanitize inputs
let sanitized_username = self.validator.validate_string_input(username, "username")?;
// Check rate limiting
if !self.rate_limiter.check_limit(&sanitized_username, "login") {
return Err(SecurityError::RateLimitExceeded);
}
// Verify credentials
let user = @verify_credentials(&sanitized_username, password)?;
// Create security context
let context = SecurityContext {
user_id: Some(user.id),
permissions: user.permissions,
session_token: Some(@generate_session_token(user.id)?),
ip_address: @get_client_ip(),
user_agent: @get_user_agent(),
};
// Audit login
self.audit_operation("user_login", &context)?;
Ok(context)
}
fn authorize_operation(&self, operation: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<(), SecurityError> {
// Check if user is authenticated
let user_id = context.user_id.ok_or(SecurityError::AuthenticationRequired)?;
// Check session validity
if let Some(token) = &context.session_token {
if !@validate_session_token(token)? {
return Err(SecurityError::SessionExpired);
}
}
// Get required permissions for operation
let required_permissions = @get_required_permissions(operation)?;
// Check if user has required permissions
let has_permission = required_permissions.iter().all(|permission| {
context.permissions.contains(permission)
});
if !has_permission {
return Err(SecurityError::InsufficientPermissions {
required: required_permissions,
actual: context.permissions.clone(),
});
}
// Audit operation
self.audit_operation(operation, context)?;
Ok(())
}
fn audit_operation(&self, operation: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<(), SecurityError> {
let audit_log = AuditLog {
timestamp: chrono::Utc::now(),
user_id: context.user_id,
operation: operation.to_string(),
ip_address: context.ip_address.clone(),
user_agent: context.user_agent.clone(),
success: true,
};
@save_audit_log(audit_log)?;
Ok(())
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct AuditLog {
timestamp: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
user_id: Option<u32>,
operation: String,
ip_address: String,
user_agent: String,
success: bool,
}
Secure Database Operations
// Secure database operations with parameterized queries
struct SecureDatabaseOperator {
validator: SecureInputValidator,
connection_pool: sqlx::PgPool,
}impl SecureDatabaseOperator {
fn new(connection_pool: sqlx::PgPool) -> Self {
Self {
validator: SecureInputValidator::new(),
connection_pool,
}
}
// Secure query execution with parameterized statements
async fn secure_query(&self, sql: &str, params: Vec<Value>, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Vec<Value>, SecurityError> {
// Validate SQL template (not user input)
self.validate_sql_template(sql)?;
// Sanitize parameters
let sanitized_params = self.sanitize_parameters(params)?;
// Execute with prepared statement
let statement = self.connection_pool.prepare(sql).await
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Invalid SQL template: {}", e)
})?;
let result = statement.query_with(sanitized_params)
.fetch_all(&self.connection_pool)
.await
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Database error: {}", e)
})?;
Ok(result.into_iter().map(|row| row.into()).collect())
}
fn validate_sql_template(&self, sql: &str) -> Result<(), SecurityError> {
// Check for dangerous SQL patterns
let dangerous_patterns = vec![
"DROP TABLE",
"DELETE FROM",
"TRUNCATE",
"ALTER TABLE",
"CREATE TABLE",
];
let upper_sql = sql.to_uppercase();
for pattern in dangerous_patterns {
if upper_sql.contains(pattern) {
return Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Dangerous SQL pattern detected: {}", pattern)
});
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn sanitize_parameters(&self, params: Vec<Value>) -> Result<Vec<Value>, SecurityError> {
let mut sanitized = Vec::new();
for param in params {
let sanitized_param = match param {
Value::String(s) => {
let sanitized = self.validator.validate_string_input(&s, "general")?;
Value::String(sanitized)
}
Value::Number(n) => Value::Number(n),
Value::Bool(b) => Value::Bool(b),
Value::Array(arr) => {
let sanitized_arr = self.sanitize_parameters(arr)?;
Value::Array(sanitized_arr)
}
Value::Object(obj) => {
let mut sanitized_obj = std::collections::HashMap::new();
for (key, value) in obj {
let sanitized_key = self.validator.validate_string_input(&key, "key")?;
let sanitized_value = self.sanitize_single_parameter(value)?;
sanitized_obj.insert(sanitized_key, sanitized_value);
}
Value::Object(sanitized_obj)
}
Value::Null => Value::Null,
};
sanitized.push(sanitized_param);
}
Ok(sanitized)
}
fn sanitize_single_parameter(&self, param: Value) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
match param {
Value::String(s) => {
let sanitized = self.validator.validate_string_input(&s, "general")?;
Ok(Value::String(sanitized))
}
_ => Ok(param),
}
}
}
Rate Limiting and DDoS Protection
// Rate limiting implementation
struct RateLimiter {
limits: std::collections::HashMap<String, (u32, std::time::Duration)>,
counters: std::collections::HashMap<String, (u32, std::time::Instant)>,
}impl RateLimiter {
fn new() -> Self {
let mut limits = std::collections::HashMap::new();
limits.insert("login".to_string(), (5, std::time::Duration::from_secs(300))); // 5 attempts per 5 minutes
limits.insert("api_call".to_string(), (100, std::time::Duration::from_secs(60))); // 100 calls per minute
limits.insert("file_upload".to_string(), (10, std::time::Duration::from_secs(3600))); // 10 uploads per hour
Self {
limits,
counters: std::collections::HashMap::new(),
}
}
fn check_limit(&mut self, identifier: &str, operation: &str) -> bool {
let key = format!("{}:{}", identifier, operation);
let now = std::time::Instant::now();
if let Some((max_attempts, window)) = self.limits.get(operation) {
if let Some((count, start_time)) = self.counters.get(&key) {
if now.duration_since(start_time) < window {
if count >= max_attempts {
return false; // Rate limit exceeded
}
// Increment counter
self.counters.insert(key, (count + 1, start_time));
} else {
// Reset counter for new window
self.counters.insert(key, (1, now));
}
} else {
// First attempt
self.counters.insert(key, (1, now));
}
}
true
}
fn reset_limit(&mut self, identifier: &str, operation: &str) {
let key = format!("{}:{}", identifier, operation);
self.counters.remove(&key);
}
}
// DDoS protection
struct DdosProtector {
ip_blacklist: std::collections::HashSet<String>,
suspicious_patterns: Vec<regex::Regex>,
request_history: std::collections::HashMap<String, Vec<std::time::Instant>>,
}
impl DdosProtector {
fn new() -> Self {
let suspicious_patterns = vec![
regex::Regex::new(r"\.\./").unwrap(), // Path traversal
regex::Regex::new(r"<script").unwrap(), // XSS
regex::Regex::new(r"UNION.*SELECT").unwrap(), // SQL injection
];
Self {
ip_blacklist: std::collections::HashSet::new(),
suspicious_patterns,
request_history: std::collections::HashMap::new(),
}
}
fn check_request(&mut self, ip: &str, user_agent: &str, path: &str) -> Result<(), SecurityError> {
// Check if IP is blacklisted
if self.ip_blacklist.contains(ip) {
return Err(SecurityError::RateLimitExceeded);
}
// Check for suspicious patterns
for pattern in &self.suspicious_patterns {
if pattern.is_match(path) || pattern.is_match(user_agent) {
self.ip_blacklist.insert(ip.to_string());
return Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Suspicious request pattern detected".to_string(),
});
}
}
// Check request frequency
let now = std::time::Instant::now();
let window = std::time::Duration::from_secs(60);
let max_requests = 1000;
let history = self.request_history.entry(ip.to_string()).or_insert_with(Vec::new);
// Remove old requests
history.retain(|×tamp| now.duration_since(timestamp) < window);
// Check if too many requests
if history.len() >= max_requests {
self.ip_blacklist.insert(ip.to_string());
return Err(SecurityError::RateLimitExceeded);
}
// Add current request
history.push(now);
Ok(())
}
}
Secure File Operations
// Secure file operations
struct SecureFileOperator {
validator: SecureInputValidator,
allowed_extensions: std::collections::HashSet<String>,
max_file_size: usize,
upload_directory: std::path::PathBuf,
}impl SecureFileOperator {
fn new() -> Self {
let allowed_extensions = vec![
"jpg", "jpeg", "png", "gif", "pdf", "txt", "doc", "docx"
].into_iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect();
Self {
validator: SecureInputValidator::new(),
allowed_extensions,
max_file_size: 10 1024 1024, // 10MB
upload_directory: std::path::PathBuf::from("/secure/uploads"),
}
}
fn secure_file_upload(&self, filename: &str, content: &[u8], context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
// Validate filename
let sanitized_filename = self.validator.validate_string_input(filename, "filename")?;
// Check file extension
if let Some(extension) = std::path::Path::new(&sanitized_filename).extension() {
let ext = extension.to_string_lossy().to_lowercase();
if !self.allowed_extensions.contains(&ext) {
return Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("File extension '{}' not allowed", ext)
});
}
}
// Check file size
if content.len() > self.max_file_size {
return Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "File too large".to_string(),
});
}
// Generate secure filename
let secure_filename = self.generate_secure_filename(&sanitized_filename)?;
let file_path = self.upload_directory.join(&secure_filename);
// Ensure path is within upload directory
if !file_path.starts_with(&self.upload_directory) {
return Err(SecurityError::PathTraversalAttempt);
}
// Write file
std::fs::write(&file_path, content)
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Failed to write file: {}", e)
})?;
// Audit file upload
@audit_file_upload(&secure_filename, content.len(), context)?;
Ok(secure_filename)
}
fn generate_secure_filename(&self, original_filename: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
use rand::Rng;
let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
let random_suffix: String = (0..16)
.map(|_| rng.sample(rand::distributions::Alphanumeric) as char)
.collect();
let extension = std::path::Path::new(original_filename)
.extension()
.and_then(|ext| ext.to_str())
.unwrap_or("");
let secure_filename = if extension.is_empty() {
random_suffix
} else {
format!("{}.{}", random_suffix, extension)
};
Ok(secure_filename)
}
fn secure_file_read(&self, filename: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Vec<u8>, SecurityError> {
// Validate filename
let sanitized_filename = self.validator.validate_string_input(filename, "filename")?;
// Construct file path
let file_path = self.upload_directory.join(&sanitized_filename);
// Ensure path is within upload directory
if !file_path.starts_with(&self.upload_directory) {
return Err(SecurityError::PathTraversalAttempt);
}
// Check if file exists
if !file_path.exists() {
return Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "File not found".to_string(),
});
}
// Read file
let content = std::fs::read(&file_path)
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Failed to read file: {}", e)
})?;
// Audit file access
@audit_file_access(&sanitized_filename, context)?;
Ok(content)
}
}
Encryption and Data Protection
// Encryption utilities
struct EncryptionManager {
encryption_key: [u8; 32],
algorithm: String,
}impl EncryptionManager {
fn new(key: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
Self {
encryption_key: key,
algorithm: "AES-256-GCM".to_string(),
}
}
fn encrypt_sensitive_data(&self, data: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
use aes_gcm::{Aes256Gcm, Key, Nonce};
use aes_gcm::aead::{Aead, NewAead};
let key = Key::from_slice(&self.encryption_key);
let cipher = Aes256Gcm::new(key);
let nonce = Nonce::from_slice(b"unique nonce"); // In production, use random nonce
let encrypted = cipher.encrypt(nonce, data.as_bytes())
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Encryption failed: {}", e)
})?;
Ok(base64::encode(encrypted))
}
fn decrypt_sensitive_data(&self, encrypted_data: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
use aes_gcm::{Aes256Gcm, Key, Nonce};
use aes_gcm::aead::{Aead, NewAead};
let key = Key::from_slice(&self.encryption_key);
let cipher = Aes256Gcm::new(key);
let nonce = Nonce::from_slice(b"unique nonce");
let encrypted_bytes = base64::decode(encrypted_data)
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Invalid encrypted data: {}", e)
})?;
let decrypted = cipher.decrypt(nonce, encrypted_bytes.as_ref())
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Decryption failed: {}", e)
})?;
String::from_utf8(decrypted)
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Invalid decrypted data: {}", e)
})
}
fn hash_password(&self, password: &str) -> Result<String, SecurityError> {
use argon2::{Argon2, PasswordHash, PasswordHasher, PasswordVerifier, SaltString};
let salt = SaltString::generate(&mut rand::thread_rng());
let argon2 = Argon2::default();
let password_hash = argon2.hash_password(password.as_bytes(), &salt)
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Password hashing failed: {}", e)
})?;
Ok(password_hash.to_string())
}
fn verify_password(&self, password: &str, hash: &str) -> Result<bool, SecurityError> {
use argon2::{Argon2, PasswordHash, PasswordVerifier};
let parsed_hash = PasswordHash::new(hash)
.map_err(|e| SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Invalid password hash: {}", e)
})?;
Ok(Argon2::default().verify_password(password.as_bytes(), &parsed_hash).is_ok())
}
}
Secure @ Operator Implementation
// Secure @ operator wrapper
struct SecureOperatorWrapper {
security_manager: SecurityManager,
database_operator: SecureDatabaseOperator,
file_operator: SecureFileOperator,
encryption_manager: EncryptionManager,
ddos_protector: DdosProtector,
}impl SecureOperatorWrapper {
fn new() -> Self {
let encryption_key = [0u8; 32]; // In production, load from secure environment
let connection_pool = sqlx::PgPool::connect("postgresql://user:pass@localhost/db").await.unwrap();
Self {
security_manager: SecurityManager::new(),
database_operator: SecureDatabaseOperator::new(connection_pool),
file_operator: SecureFileOperator::new(),
encryption_manager: EncryptionManager::new(encryption_key),
ddos_protector: DdosProtector::new(),
}
}
// Secure @query operator
async fn secure_query(&self, sql: &str, params: Vec<Value>, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Vec<Value>, SecurityError> {
// Check DDoS protection
self.ddos_protector.check_request(&context.ip_address, &context.user_agent, sql)?;
// Authorize operation
self.security_manager.authorize_operation("database_query", context)?;
// Execute secure query
self.database_operator.secure_query(sql, params, context).await
}
// Secure @file operator
async fn secure_file(&self, operation: &str, path: &str, content: Option<Vec<u8>>, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
// Check DDoS protection
self.ddos_protector.check_request(&context.ip_address, &context.user_agent, path)?;
// Authorize operation
self.security_manager.authorize_operation("file_operation", context)?;
match operation {
"read" => {
let content = self.file_operator.secure_file_read(path, context)?;
Ok(Value::String(base64::encode(content)))
}
"write" => {
let content = content.ok_or(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: "Content required for write operation".to_string(),
})?;
let filename = self.file_operator.secure_file_upload(path, &content, context)?;
Ok(Value::String(filename))
}
_ => Err(SecurityError::InputValidationError {
message: format!("Unknown file operation: {}", operation)
})
}
}
// Secure @encrypt operator
fn secure_encrypt(&self, data: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
// Authorize operation
self.security_manager.authorize_operation("encryption", context)?;
let encrypted = self.encryption_manager.encrypt_sensitive_data(data)?;
Ok(Value::String(encrypted))
}
// Secure @decrypt operator
fn secure_decrypt(&self, encrypted_data: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
// Authorize operation
self.security_manager.authorize_operation("decryption", context)?;
let decrypted = self.encryption_manager.decrypt_sensitive_data(encrypted_data)?;
Ok(Value::String(decrypted))
}
}
Best Practices
1. Always Validate Input
// Validate all user input
fn secure_operator_call(operator: &str, args: Vec<Value>, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
let validator = SecureInputValidator::new();
// Validate operator name
let sanitized_operator = validator.validate_string_input(operator, "operator")?;
// Validate arguments
for (i, arg) in args.iter().enumerate() {
if let Value::String(s) = arg {
validator.validate_string_input(s, "argument")?;
}
}
// Execute operator with validated inputs
execute_operator(&sanitized_operator, args, context)
}2. Use Parameterized Queries
// Always use parameterized queries
async fn secure_database_operation(sql: &str, params: Vec<Value>) -> Result<Vec<Value>, SecurityError> {
// Use prepared statements
let statement = connection.prepare(sql).await?;
let result = statement.query_with(params).fetch_all(&connection).await?;
Ok(result.into_iter().map(|row| row.into()).collect())
}3. Implement Proper Authentication
// Always check authentication
fn secure_operation(operation: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
// Verify user is authenticated
if context.user_id.is_none() {
return Err(SecurityError::AuthenticationRequired);
}
// Check session validity
if let Some(token) = &context.session_token {
if !@validate_session_token(token)? {
return Err(SecurityError::SessionExpired);
}
}
// Execute operation
execute_operation(operation, context)
}4. Audit All Operations
// Audit all security-sensitive operations
fn audited_operation(operation: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();
let result = execute_operation(operation, context);
// Log audit entry
let audit_entry = AuditLog {
timestamp: chrono::Utc::now(),
user_id: context.user_id,
operation: operation.to_string(),
ip_address: context.ip_address.clone(),
user_agent: context.user_agent.clone(),
success: result.is_ok(),
duration: start_time.elapsed(),
};
@save_audit_log(audit_entry)?;
result
}5. Use Encryption for Sensitive Data
// Encrypt sensitive data
fn secure_data_storage(data: &str, context: &SecurityContext) -> Result<Value, SecurityError> {
let encryption_manager = EncryptionManager::new([0u8; 32]);
// Encrypt sensitive data before storage
let encrypted = encryption_manager.encrypt_sensitive_data(data)?;
// Store encrypted data
@store_encrypted_data(encrypted, context)?;
Ok(Value::String("Data stored securely".to_string()))
}The @ operator security in Rust provides comprehensive protection against common vulnerabilities while maintaining high performance and usability.