🦀 Database Security in TuskLang for Rust

Rust Documentation

Database Security in TuskLang for Rust

TuskLang's Rust database security system provides type-safe, comprehensive security features with compile-time guarantees, async/await support, and robust protection against common database vulnerabilities.

🚀 Why Rust Database Security?

Rust's type system and ownership model make it the perfect language for database security:

- Memory Safety: No buffer overflows or memory corruption vulnerabilities - Type Safety: Compile-time validation of security policies - Zero-Cost Abstractions: No performance penalty for security features - Async/Await: Non-blocking security operations - Security Guarantees: Guaranteed protection against common attacks

Basic Security Features

use tusk_db::{SecurityManager, SecurityPolicy, Result};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
struct User {
    pub id: Option<i32>,
    pub name: String,
    pub email: String,
    pub password_hash: String,
    pub is_active: bool,
    pub role: String,
    pub created_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
    pub updated_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
}
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
struct Post {
    pub id: Option<i32>,
    pub title: String,
    pub content: String,
    pub user_id: i32,
    pub published: bool,
    pub created_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
    pub updated_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
}
// Basic security manager
async fn secure_database_operations() -> Result<()> {
    let security_manager = @SecurityManager::new().await?;
    
    // Configure security policies
    security_manager.set_policy(SecurityPolicy {
        sql_injection_protection: true,
        parameterized_queries: true,
        input_validation: true,
        output_encoding: true,
        access_control: true,
        audit_logging: true,
    }).await?;
    
    // Secure query execution
    let users = @db.table::<User>("users")
        .where_eq("is_active", true)
        .secure() // Enable security features
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    Ok(())
}// Input validation and sanitization
async fn secure_user_creation(user_data: User) -> Result<User> {
    let validator = @InputValidator::new().await?;
    
    // Validate input data
    let validation_result = validator.validate(&user_data).await?;
    
    if !validation_result.is_valid() {
        return Err(ValidationError::new("Invalid user data", validation_result.errors).into());
    }
    
    // Sanitize input
    let sanitized_user = validator.sanitize(user_data).await?;
    
    // Create user with security checks
    let user = @User::create(sanitized_user)
        .secure()
        .await?;
    
    Ok(user)
}

SQL Injection Protection

use tusk_db::{SqlInjectionProtection, ParameterizedQuery};
// SQL injection protection
async fn sql_injection_protection() -> Result<Vec<User>> {
    let protection = @SqlInjectionProtection::new().await?;
    
    // Enable protection
    protection.enable(true).await?;
    
    // Safe parameterized query
    let email = "user@example.com";
    let users = @db.table::<User>("users")
        .where_eq("email", email) // Automatically parameterized
        .secure()
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    // Dynamic query with protection
    let search_term = "john";
    let users = @db.table::<User>("users")
        .where_like("name", &format!("%{}%", search_term))
        .secure()
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    // Raw query with parameterization
    let user_id = 123;
    let users = @db.raw::<User>(
        "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ? AND is_active = ?",
        &[&user_id, &true]
    ).secure().await?;
    
    Ok(users)
}// Protection against malicious input
async fn malicious_input_protection() -> Result<()> {
    let protection = @SqlInjectionProtection::new().await?;
    
    // Test malicious input
    let malicious_inputs = vec![
        "'; DROP TABLE users; --",
        "' OR '1'='1",
        "'; INSERT INTO users VALUES (1, 'hacker', 'hack@evil.com'); --",
        "admin'--",
    ];
    
    for malicious_input in malicious_inputs {
        // This should be safely handled
        let users = @db.table::<User>("users")
            .where_eq("email", malicious_input)
            .secure()
            .get()
            .await?;
        
        // Verify no unauthorized access
        assert!(users.is_empty());
    }
    
    Ok(())
}

Access Control and Authorization

use tusk_db::{AccessControl, Authorization, Permission};
// Access control system
async fn access_control_example() -> Result<Vec<Post>> {
    let access_control = @AccessControl::new().await?;
    
    // Define permissions
    let user_permissions = vec![
        Permission::Read("posts"),
        Permission::Create("posts"),
        Permission::Update("posts", "own"),
        Permission::Delete("posts", "own"),
    ];
    
    // Set user context
    let current_user_id = 123;
    access_control.set_user_context(current_user_id, &user_permissions).await?;
    
    // Query with access control
    let posts = @db.table::<Post>("posts")
        .where_eq("user_id", current_user_id) // Only own posts
        .secure()
        .authorize(&access_control)
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    Ok(posts)
}
// Role-based access control
async fn role_based_access_control() -> Result<()> {
    let rbac = @RoleBasedAccessControl::new().await?;
    
    // Define roles and permissions
    rbac.define_role("admin", &[
        Permission::All("users"),
        Permission::All("posts"),
        Permission::All("comments"),
    ]).await?;
    
    rbac.define_role("moderator", &[
        Permission::Read("users"),
        Permission::All("posts"),
        Permission::All("comments"),
    ]).await?;
    
    rbac.define_role("user", &[
        Permission::Read("users", "public"),
        Permission::Create("posts"),
        Permission::Update("posts", "own"),
        Permission::Delete("posts", "own"),
        Permission::Create("comments"),
        Permission::Update("comments", "own"),
        Permission::Delete("comments", "own"),
    ]).await?;
    
    // Assign role to user
    let user_id = 123;
    rbac.assign_role(user_id, "user").await?;
    
    // Check permissions
    let can_create_post = rbac.has_permission(user_id, &Permission::Create("posts")).await?;
    let can_delete_any_post = rbac.has_permission(user_id, &Permission::Delete("posts", "any")).await?;
    
    assert!(can_create_post);
    assert!(!can_delete_any_post);
    
    Ok(())
}// Row-level security
async fn row_level_security() -> Result<Vec<Post>> {
    let rls = @RowLevelSecurity::new().await?;
    
    // Enable RLS on posts table
    rls.enable("posts", |user_id| {
        // Users can only see their own posts or published posts
        format!("user_id = {} OR published = true", user_id)
    }).await?;
    
    let current_user_id = 123;
    
    // Query with RLS automatically applied
    let posts = @db.table::<Post>("posts")
        .secure()
        .with_rls(current_user_id)
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    // Verify RLS is working
    for post in &posts {
        assert!(post.user_id == current_user_id || post.published);
    }
    
    Ok(posts)
}

Data Encryption and Protection

use tusk_db::{DataEncryption, EncryptionKey, EncryptedField};
// Data encryption
async fn data_encryption_example() -> Result<()> {
    let encryption = @DataEncryption::new().await?;
    
    // Generate encryption key
    let key = @EncryptionKey::generate().await?;
    encryption.set_key(&key).await?;
    
    // Encrypt sensitive data
    let sensitive_user = User {
        id: None,
        name: "John Doe".to_string(),
        email: "john@example.com".to_string(),
        password_hash: hash_password("secret123"),
        is_active: true,
        role: "user".to_string(),
        created_at: None,
        updated_at: None,
    };
    
    // Encrypt specific fields
    let encrypted_user = encryption.encrypt_fields(&sensitive_user, &["email", "password_hash"]).await?;
    
    // Save encrypted user
    let saved_user = @User::create(encrypted_user)
        .secure()
        .await?;
    
    // Decrypt when needed
    let decrypted_user = encryption.decrypt_fields(&saved_user, &["email", "password_hash"]).await?;
    
    assert_eq!(decrypted_user.email, "john@example.com");
    
    Ok(())
}
// Field-level encryption
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
struct SecureUser {
    pub id: Option<i32>,
    pub name: String,
    #[encrypted]
    pub email: String,
    #[encrypted]
    pub password_hash: String,
    pub is_active: bool,
    pub role: String,
    pub created_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
    pub updated_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
}// Automatic encryption/decryption
async fn automatic_encryption() -> Result<()> {
    let encryption = @DataEncryption::new().await?;
    
    // Enable automatic encryption
    encryption.enable_automatic_encryption(true).await?;
    
    // Create user with automatic encryption
    let user = SecureUser {
        id: None,
        name: "Jane Doe".to_string(),
        email: "jane@example.com".to_string(),
        password_hash: hash_password("secret456"),
        is_active: true,
        role: "user".to_string(),
        created_at: None,
        updated_at: None,
    };
    
    // Save with automatic encryption
    let saved_user = @SecureUser::create(user)
        .secure()
        .await?;
    
    // Retrieve with automatic decryption
    let retrieved_user = @SecureUser::find(saved_user.id.unwrap())
        .secure()
        .await?;
    
    assert_eq!(retrieved_user.email, "jane@example.com");
    
    Ok(())
}

Audit Logging and Monitoring

use tusk_db::{AuditLogger, AuditEvent, SecurityMonitor};
// Audit logging
async fn audit_logging_example() -> Result<()> {
    let audit_logger = @AuditLogger::new().await?;
    
    // Enable audit logging
    audit_logger.enable(true).await?;
    
    // Configure audit events
    audit_logger.log_events(&[
        AuditEvent::DataAccess,
        AuditEvent::DataModification,
        AuditEvent::Authentication,
        AuditEvent::Authorization,
        AuditEvent::SecurityViolation,
    ]).await?;
    
    // Perform operations with audit logging
    let user_id = 123;
    
    // This will be logged
    let users = @db.table::<User>("users")
        .where_eq("id", user_id)
        .secure()
        .audit(&audit_logger)
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    // This will also be logged
    let updated_user = @db.table::<User>("users")
        .where_eq("id", user_id)
        .update(&[("is_active", &false)])
        .secure()
        .audit(&audit_logger)
        .await?;
    
    // Retrieve audit logs
    let audit_logs = audit_logger.get_logs(
        Utc::now() - chrono::Duration::hours(1),
        Utc::now()
    ).await?;
    
    for log in &audit_logs {
        @log::info!("Audit log", {
            timestamp: log.timestamp,
            user_id: log.user_id,
            action: &log.action,
            table: &log.table,
            details: &log.details,
        });
    }
    
    Ok(())
}// Security monitoring
async fn security_monitoring() -> Result<()> {
    let security_monitor = @SecurityMonitor::new().await?;
    
    // Enable security monitoring
    security_monitor.enable(true).await?;
    
    // Set up alerts
    security_monitor.set_alerts(&[
        SecurityAlert::SqlInjectionAttempt,
        SecurityAlert::UnauthorizedAccess,
        SecurityAlert::DataExfiltration,
        SecurityAlert::PrivilegeEscalation,
    ]).await?;
    
    // Monitor in real-time
    let mut alert_stream = security_monitor.subscribe_to_alerts().await?;
    
    tokio::spawn(async move {
        while let Some(alert) = alert_stream.recv().await {
            match alert {
                SecurityAlert::SqlInjectionAttempt(details) => {
                    @log::error!("SQL Injection attempt detected", {
                        ip: &details.ip_address,
                        query: &details.query,
                        timestamp: details.timestamp,
                    });
                    
                    // Take action (block IP, notify admin, etc.)
                    @block_ip_address(&details.ip_address).await?;
                }
                SecurityAlert::UnauthorizedAccess(details) => {
                    @log::warn!("Unauthorized access attempt", {
                        user_id: details.user_id,
                        resource: &details.resource,
                        action: &details.action,
                    });
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }
    });
    
    Ok(())
}

Input Validation and Sanitization

use tusk_db::{InputValidator, ValidationRule, Sanitizer};
// Comprehensive input validation
async fn input_validation_example() -> Result<User> {
    let validator = @InputValidator::new().await?;
    
    // Define validation rules
    let validation_rules = vec![
        ValidationRule::new("name", |value| {
            if value.len() < 2 || value.len() > 100 {
                return Err("Name must be between 2 and 100 characters".into());
            }
            if !value.chars().all(|c| c.is_alphanumeric() || c.is_whitespace()) {
                return Err("Name contains invalid characters".into());
            }
            Ok(())
        }),
        ValidationRule::new("email", |value| {
            if !value.contains('@') || !value.contains('.') {
                return Err("Invalid email format".into());
            }
            if value.len() > 255 {
                return Err("Email too long".into());
            }
            Ok(())
        }),
        ValidationRule::new("role", |value| {
            let allowed_roles = vec!["user", "moderator", "admin"];
            if !allowed_roles.contains(&value.as_str()) {
                return Err("Invalid role".into());
            }
            Ok(())
        }),
    ];
    
    // Validate user data
    let user_data = User {
        id: None,
        name: "John Doe".to_string(),
        email: "john@example.com".to_string(),
        password_hash: hash_password("secret123"),
        is_active: true,
        role: "user".to_string(),
        created_at: None,
        updated_at: None,
    };
    
    let validation_result = validator.validate_with_rules(&user_data, &validation_rules).await?;
    
    if !validation_result.is_valid() {
        return Err(ValidationError::new("Validation failed", validation_result.errors).into());
    }
    
    // Sanitize input
    let sanitizer = @Sanitizer::new().await?;
    let sanitized_user = sanitizer.sanitize(&user_data).await?;
    
    // Create user
    let user = @User::create(sanitized_user)
        .secure()
        .await?;
    
    Ok(user)
}// XSS protection
async fn xss_protection() -> Result<()> {
    let sanitizer = @Sanitizer::new().await?;
    
    // Test XSS attempts
    let xss_attempts = vec![
        "<script>alert('xss')</script>",
        "javascript:alert('xss')",
        "<img src=x onerror=alert('xss')>",
        "'; DROP TABLE users; --",
    ];
    
    for xss_attempt in xss_attempts {
        let sanitized = sanitizer.sanitize_html(xss_attempt).await?;
        
        // Verify XSS was removed
        assert!(!sanitized.contains("<script>"));
        assert!(!sanitized.contains("javascript:"));
        assert!(!sanitized.contains("onerror="));
    }
    
    Ok(())
}

Connection Security

use tusk_db::{ConnectionSecurity, SslConfig, ConnectionPool};
// Secure database connections
async fn secure_connection_setup() -> Result<()> {
    let connection_security = @ConnectionSecurity::new().await?;
    
    // Configure SSL/TLS
    let ssl_config = SslConfig {
        enabled: true,
        verify_cert: true,
        ca_cert_path: "certs/ca.crt".to_string(),
        client_cert_path: "certs/client.crt".to_string(),
        client_key_path: "certs/client.key".to_string(),
    };
    
    connection_security.set_ssl_config(ssl_config).await?;
    
    // Configure connection encryption
    connection_security.enable_encryption(true).await?;
    connection_security.set_encryption_algorithm("AES-256-GCM").await?;
    
    // Secure connection pool
    let pool = @ConnectionPool::new()
        .with_security(&connection_security)
        .max_connections(10)
        .min_connections(2)
        .connection_timeout(30)
        .idle_timeout(300)
        .build()
        .await?;
    
    // Use secure connection
    let db = @Database::with_pool(pool).await?;
    
    Ok(())
}// Connection monitoring
async fn connection_monitoring() -> Result<()> {
    let connection_monitor = @ConnectionMonitor::new().await?;
    
    // Monitor connection security
    connection_monitor.enable(true).await?;
    
    // Set up connection alerts
    connection_monitor.set_alerts(&[
        ConnectionAlert::UnauthorizedConnection,
        ConnectionAlert::FailedAuthentication,
        ConnectionAlert::SslError,
        ConnectionAlert::ConnectionLimitExceeded,
    ]).await?;
    
    // Monitor connection metrics
    let metrics = connection_monitor.get_metrics().await?;
    
    @log::info!("Connection metrics", {
        active_connections: metrics.active_connections,
        total_connections: metrics.total_connections,
        failed_connections: metrics.failed_connections,
        ssl_connections: metrics.ssl_connections,
    });
    
    Ok(())
}

Security Testing and Validation

use tusk_db::test_utils::{SecurityTest, VulnerabilityScanner};
// Security testing
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_sql_injection_protection() -> Result<()> {
    let security_test = @SecurityTest::new().await?;
    
    // Test SQL injection attempts
    let injection_attempts = vec![
        "'; DROP TABLE users; --",
        "' OR '1'='1",
        "'; INSERT INTO users VALUES (1, 'hacker', 'hack@evil.com'); --",
        "admin'--",
        "1' UNION SELECT * FROM users--",
    ];
    
    for attempt in injection_attempts {
        let result = @db.table::<User>("users")
            .where_eq("email", attempt)
            .secure()
            .get()
            .await;
        
        // Should not panic or return unauthorized data
        assert!(result.is_ok());
        
        let users = result?;
        // Should return empty result for malicious input
        assert!(users.is_empty());
    }
    
    Ok(())
}
// Vulnerability scanning
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_vulnerability_scanning() -> Result<()> {
    let scanner = @VulnerabilityScanner::new().await?;
    
    // Scan for common vulnerabilities
    let vulnerabilities = scanner.scan_database().await?;
    
    for vulnerability in &vulnerabilities {
        @log::warn!("Vulnerability found", {
            type_: &vulnerability.vuln_type,
            severity: vulnerability.severity,
            description: &vulnerability.description,
            recommendation: &vulnerability.recommendation,
        });
    }
    
    // Assert no critical vulnerabilities
    let critical_vulns = vulnerabilities.iter()
        .filter(|v| v.severity == Severity::Critical)
        .count();
    
    assert_eq!(critical_vulns, 0, "Critical vulnerabilities found");
    
    Ok(())
}// Penetration testing
async fn penetration_testing() -> Result<()> {
    let pen_tester = @PenetrationTester::new().await?;
    
    // Run penetration tests
    let test_results = pen_tester.run_tests(&[
        PenTest::SqlInjection,
        PenTest::AuthenticationBypass,
        PenTest::PrivilegeEscalation,
        PenTest::DataExfiltration,
        PenTest::DenialOfService,
    ]).await?;
    
    for result in &test_results {
        if result.vulnerable {
            @log::error!("Security vulnerability detected", {
                test: &result.test_name,
                description: &result.description,
                severity: result.severity,
            });
        } else {
            @log::info!("Security test passed", {
                test: &result.test_name,
            });
        }
    }
    
    // Assert all tests passed
    let failed_tests = test_results.iter()
        .filter(|r| r.vulnerable)
        .count();
    
    assert_eq!(failed_tests, 0, "Security tests failed");
    
    Ok(())
}

Security Best Practices

use tusk_db::{SecurityBestPractices, SecurityGuidelines};// Security best practices implementation
async fn security_best_practices() -> Result<()> {
    let security_manager = @SecurityManager::new().await?;
    
    // 1. Always use parameterized queries
    let email = "user@example.com";
    let users = @db.table::<User>("users")
        .where_eq("email", email) // Parameterized
        .secure()
        .get()
        .await?;
    
    // 2. Validate and sanitize all input
    let validator = @InputValidator::new().await?;
    let sanitizer = @Sanitizer::new().await?;
    
    let user_input = "user@example.com<script>alert('xss')</script>";
    let validated = validator.validate_email(user_input).await?;
    let sanitized = sanitizer.sanitize_html(&validated).await?;
    
    // 3. Implement proper access control
    let access_control = @AccessControl::new().await?;
    access_control.require_permission("users", "read").await?;
    
    // 4. Use encryption for sensitive data
    let encryption = @DataEncryption::new().await?;
    encryption.encrypt_field("password_hash").await?;
    
    // 5. Enable audit logging
    let audit_logger = @AuditLogger::new().await?;
    audit_logger.enable(true).await?;
    
    // 6. Use secure connections
    let connection_security = @ConnectionSecurity::new().await?;
    connection_security.enable_ssl(true).await?;
    
    // 7. Implement rate limiting
    let rate_limiter = @RateLimiter::new().await?;
    rate_limiter.limit_requests("login", 5, 300).await?; // 5 attempts per 5 minutes
    
    // 8. Use strong authentication
    let auth = @Authentication::new().await?;
    auth.require_strong_password().await?;
    auth.enable_mfa(true).await?;
    
    // 9. Regular security updates
    let updater = @SecurityUpdater::new().await?;
    updater.check_for_updates().await?;
    
    // 10. Monitor for security events
    let monitor = @SecurityMonitor::new().await?;
    monitor.enable(true).await?;
    
    Ok(())
}

Best Practices for Rust Database Security

1. Use Strong Types: Leverage Rust's type system for security validation 2. Parameterized Queries: Always use parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection 3. Input Validation: Validate and sanitize all user input 4. Access Control: Implement proper role-based access control 5. Encryption: Encrypt sensitive data at rest and in transit 6. Audit Logging: Log all security-relevant events 7. Connection Security: Use SSL/TLS for database connections 8. Rate Limiting: Implement rate limiting for authentication attempts 9. Security Testing: Regularly test for vulnerabilities 10. Security Monitoring: Continuously monitor for security threats